How to Tackle Exam Questions – Learning Strategies Center (2024)

Learn more about how to tackle different kinds of exams and exam questions!

We cover the following topics on exam preparation on this page:

  • Quantitative Questions
  • Multiple Choice Questions
  • Essay Questions

First, Let’s Think About De-Coding Different Types of Exam Questions

It’s helpful to understand the kinds of question that are asked on a exam, because the response you need to come up with depends on the type of question. Knowing about different types of exam questions can help you activate appropriate strategies for formulating answers and reduce exam-taking anxiety.

Exam questions generally fall into one of three categories:1

“Green Light”

How to Tackle Exam Questions – Learning Strategies Center (1)

  • Go right ahead!
  • These are factual questions, and the answers are straight-forward. You either know the answer or you don’t; it’s right there in your head or it’s not.
  • Some green light questions can be very difficult, and your ability to recall details is often tested with this typeof question.
  • Study for this type of question by using recitation, making flash cards, quizzing yourself or a study partner, etc.
  • If you don’t know the answer to a green light question right away, circle it and move on; often the answer will pop into your head later on during the exam.

“Yellow Light”

How to Tackle Exam Questions – Learning Strategies Center (2)

  • Slow down.
  • These questions are more detailed than green light questions, but are based on the same idea: you either know the answer or you don’t.
  • Often you’ll have to put multiple or “green light” details together.
  • Similar strategies work for yellow and green questions, but with yellow light questions you’ll need to recall many ideas, concepts, formulas, etc., just to answer one question.

“Red Light”
How to Tackle Exam Questions – Learning Strategies Center (3)

  • Hold on.
  • These questions ask you to make inferences or apply your knowledge to new situations, which is sometimes called “critical thinking”.
  • You need to know the material being covered to answer these questions at the “green light” level, but the exam question is not asking you to simply regurgitate it. You will need to take what you know and use it in ways you have not yet used it.
  • This type of question sometimes flummoxes students, because they are surprised to they are being asked a question that wasn’t exactly covered in class. Remember that with red light questions you are not supposed to already know the answer. You have to come up with the answer yourself, it is not already in your head. (You will need to know the basic information, though, to be able to answer this type of question.)
  • Red light questions are asked more frequently in college than in high school.
  • To study for red light questions, make diagrams or concept maps that link ideas or topics from the course together. Think about how what you’re learning relates to what you’ve learned in other classes. Sit down with friends or classmates and talk about how one might use information from the class in a job setting.

See this link for a pdf ofDecoding exam questions.

How to Tackle: Problem-Solving and Quantitative Questions

Study for problem-based exams by practicing (new!) problems

As you work on the problems, remember:

  • DOlet yourself be stuck.* (yes, we mean that!)
  • DON’T sneak a peak at the answer if you get stuck. (keep trying!)
  • Check your answer only after you’ve put something–anything–down. Think partial credit, which is better than no credit if you freeze when you get stuck on hard problems on the test.

* You need to get your “stuck” muscles stronger so you know what to do on tests when you feel stuck.

Watch: LSC’s Mike Chen Shares “The Key to Problem-Solving Tests”

Taking problem-based exams

1. Understand the problem: Determine what you are supposed to find, what you need to find it, and what the unknown is (and if there is extra information). Consider whether drawing a sketch will help. Also – note each part of the question. Not answering each part is an easy way to lose points.

2. Determine a way to solve the problem: Write down all that is given or known. Draw a sketch when appropriate to show relations. Write down all relevant formulas.

3. Carry out the procedure you have devised: For numerical problems, try and estimate an answer first. This will help you to check your work later. Neat, careful work keeps you from making mistakes, and allows you to find them when you do make them (show your units!!). Additionally, when the instructor can see your work clearly, he or she may give you partial credit for what you do know, even if your ultimate answer is incorrect.

4. Check your Answers: This requires the same quality of thought originally used to solve the problem. Is your answer what you thought it would be in your original estimate? Is it a quantity that makes sense? Is your answer in the correct units? If your answer does not seem reasonable, rework the problem.

How to Tackle: Multiple Choice Questions

1. Read the stem: First, read the stem and make sure you understand what it is getting at. Look out for double negatives or other twists in wording before you consider the answer.

2. Try to come up with the correct answer: Before you look at the answer choices, try to come up with the correct answer. This will help you to rule out choices that are similar to the correct answer. Now read and consider each option carefully.

3. Look for clues in the stem: Look for clues in the stem that suggest the correct answer or rule out any choices. For example, if the stem indicates that the answer is plural you can rule out any answers that are singular. The basic rule is: the correct answer must make sense grammatically with the stem. Options which fail this exam can be ruled out.

4. Cross off any options you know are incorrect: As you rule out options cross them off with your pencil. This will help you focus on the remaining choices and eliminates the chance of returning to an item and selecting an option you had already eliminated.

5. Come back to items you were unsure of: Put a mark next to any questions you are unsure of. If you complete the entire exam with time to spare, review these questions – you will often get clues (or even answers) from other questions.

Take a look at some additional information on difficult “Multiple Choice Tests” (opens a PDF).

Watch: LSC’s Mike Chen Shares “The Key to Multiple Choice Tests”

How to Tackle: Essay Questions

The best way topreparefor essay tests is to practice writing essays!

  • Anticipate questions: Make outlines of possible essay topics using your course materials so you know you’ve got a good grasp of what might be on the test. Then recreate your outlines from memory (unless it’s an open-notes test).
  • Practice writingat least one full essay; be mindful of the time you spend practicing and think about how much time you will have during the exam. It is also important to think abouthowyou are organizing the information you are including in your essay — for example, if you are asked to compare and contrast two theories as they relate to an issue, you might want to define each of them, describe the issue, and then compare and contrast them.
  • If your exam is closed book,memorize key events, facts, and namesthat you will need to support your argument. If it is open-notes, then make sure you develop good outlines.

When you aretakingessay tests:

  • Manage your timewell. As with all exams, if there are multiple essay questions, be sure to look at them all at the beginning (taking note of the points each is worth), and prioritize the order you answer the questions.
  • Read the directionscarefully. Ask yourself honestly: are you answering theactualquestion on the test, or the question youwantto be on the test? (tip: instructors know when you aren’t really answering the exact question, so make sure you are addressing the actual question and don’t just write random information that is unrelated to the question.)
  • Before you write the essay,decide on your argumentandquickly list your supporting evidence(it is ok to do a brain dump of all the important information that you want to include so that you have it handy when you begin writing).
  • Make a quick outlineof what you are going to write to organize your thoughts and arguments.
  • Write! And, make your point right away– you don’t want to get to the end of a timed essay test with your amazing argument still unmade!
  • If you have time, go back and quicklyproof-readyour essay for errors.

You might want to take a look at some “Words to Watch for in an Essay” (opens a PDF).

References:

1Taffy E. Raphael, Teaching Question Answer Relationships, Revisited, The Reading Teacher, Vol. 39, No. 6 (Feb., 1986), pp. 516-522.

Ellis, D. (1998). Becoming a Master Student. Houghton Mifflin: Boston

How to Tackle Exam Questions – Learning Strategies Center (2024)

FAQs

How to Tackle Exam Questions – Learning Strategies Center? ›

DON'T sneak a peak at the answer if you get stuck. (keep trying!) Check your answer only after you've put something–anything–down. Think partial credit, which is better than no credit if you freeze when you get stuck on hard problems on the test.

How do you respond effectively to exam questions? ›

Strategies for answering exam and test questions
  1. Read through the options and try to eliminate the ones that aren't right. ...
  2. Don't struggle over a question. ...
  3. Answer all the questions. ...
  4. When you check back through your paper and think an answer is wrong - change the answer.

How do you prepare for a test what study strategies do you use? ›

Seven Best Strategies for Test Prep
  1. Cultivate Good Study Habits. ...
  2. Don't “Cram” ...
  3. Gather Materials the Night Before. ...
  4. Get a Good Night's Sleep. ...
  5. Eat a Healthy Breakfast. ...
  6. Arrive Early. ...
  7. Develop Positive Rituals. ...
  8. Listen to the Instructions.
Sep 29, 2022

Is 4 days enough to study for an exam? ›

Ideally, studying should start at least five days in advance of the exam to allow students an ample amount of time to go over course concepts and materials, and reach out to their instructor or peers if they find they have any questions.

Is 6 days enough to study for an exam? ›

By giving yourself six days to prepare, you've done yourself a big favor. Not only have you reduced the amount of study time needed per session, but you have also given yourself enough time to be perfectly prepped for your test.

How to adapt reading skills to respond effectively to exam questions? ›

Top 10 Tips to Improve Your Reading Skills
  1. Narrow Down the Purpose of Your Read. There are countless reasons why people read. ...
  2. It's All About Levels. ...
  3. Take a Break. ...
  4. Read Between the Lines. ...
  5. Take it a Step Further. ...
  6. Don't say No to Taking Notes. ...
  7. Line Up. ...
  8. Dictionary in Hand Helps you Understand.
Jun 3, 2022

How do you approach a difficult exam? ›

How To Prepare For a Difficult Exam
  1. Get a good night's sleep before the exam. ...
  2. Eat a nutritious breakfast to help you focus. ...
  3. Review all your notes and materials thoroughly. ...
  4. Make a study schedule and stick to it. ...
  5. Take practice exams under timed conditions. ...
  6. Relax and stay positive – you can do this!
Dec 20, 2022

What are five examples of good study strategies? ›

Check out these tips for managing your time wisely so that you can excel on your final exams:
  • Start early. If an assignment is due the last week of class, that doesn't mean you should put it off until then. ...
  • Create your own study guides. ...
  • Create a study schedule. ...
  • Join or organize a study group. ...
  • Get consistent sleep.

What is the most effective study strategies? ›

One of the most impactful learning strategies is “distributed practice”—spacing out your studying over several short periods of time over several days and weeks (Newport, 2007). The most effective practice is to work a short time on each class every day.

Which of the following are effective test taking strategies? ›

Here are some different strategies that may help you perform well on an exam:
  • Study exam materials. ...
  • Consider taking a practice test. ...
  • Rest the night before the exam. ...
  • Arrive early. ...
  • Read questions several times before selecting an answer. ...
  • Check your exam before submitting it.
Feb 3, 2023

What is the 2 3 5 7 revision rule? ›

Revise a topic, then revisit it the next day, after three days, and after seven days. This is thought to be the perfect amount of time to help your brain remember information.

What is the 123 method of studying? ›

The most common use of 3-2-1 I've seen is in response to a reading or lesson–usually 3 things you learned, 2 things that made you curious or confused, and 1 most important thing you learned or should do with what you've learned.

What to do if you didn t study for a test? ›

Answer the easiest questions first and skip the rest.

Start by answering questions that you know the answers to and skip the other questions. You can come back to them later. This will help to give you some momentum and build your confidence for tackling the more difficult parts of the exam.

What is the most effective time to study? ›

Numerous studies prove that your critical thinking and analytical skills are quite effective between 2 PM to 5 PM. During this time, your brain can be very efficient at integrating and processing any new information that you have acquired. Afternoons are also an excellent time for creative learning.

How long is it normal to study for a test? ›

A general rule is to spend two hours on homework or studying for every hour that your class meets. For example, if your economics class meets for an hour, three times a week, you might expect to spend six hours a week on homework or studying for your upcoming econ exams.

How many hours a day should you study for an exam? ›

Most people recommend studying for 3 to 4 hours every day on a set schedule that allows your brain to work at its full capacity. You should avoid studying for more than five or six hours as this can lead to burnout and cause you to lose the information that you have learned.

What are the 7 reading comprehension strategies? ›

To improve students' reading comprehension, teachers should introduce the seven cognitive strategies of effective readers: activating, inferring, monitoring-clarifying, questioning, searching-selecting, summarizing, and visualizing-organizing.

What are the 5 basic reading skills? ›

Effective instructional programs and materials emphasize the five essential components of effective reading instruction: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.

What strategies should I use during a reading exam? ›

  • STRATEGY #1 PREVIEW THE TEXT.
  • STRATEGY #2 MAKE A PREDICTION AND ACTIVATE PRIOR KNOWLEDGE.
  • STRATEGY #3 INTERPRET AND UNDERSTAND THE LANGUAGE OF QUESTIONS.
  • STRATEGY #4 VISUALIZE AS YOU READ.
  • STRATEGY #5 MARK THE TEXT.
  • STRATEGY #6 DO PERIODIC COMPREHENSION CHECKS.
  • STRATEGY #7 SUMMARIZE.
  • STRATEGY #8 ANALYZE THE QUESTION.

How do you answer difficult questions? ›

Notice what happens.
  1. Listen to the Question. Sounds simple, but with so many things calling for our attention, it's easy to be distracted and not hear what the question really is. ...
  2. Pause. The second step is to pause long enough to take a breath from your diaphragm. ...
  3. Repeat the Question. ...
  4. Respond Honestly. ...
  5. Know When to Stop.

How do you deal with difficult questions? ›

How to Handle Tough Questions
  1. Prepare in advance. You can usually anticipate many of the difficult questions you're going to face. ...
  2. Pause and breathe. Whenever we field tough questions, we often feel the need to jump in right away to answer. ...
  3. Express empathy and honesty. ...
  4. Acknowledge the uncertainty.
Dec 19, 2022

What are the three most effective study strategies? ›

3 Successful Study Techniques
  • Taking notes by hand. Since we live in such a technological age, some people might be surprised to know that it helps me to handwrite my notes. ...
  • Having a quiet place to study. ...
  • Read, write, recite.

What are the six most effective learning strategies? ›

These six strategies for effective learning are based on evidence-based research and the science of learning. We will explore: spaced practice, retrieval practice, elaboration, concrete examples, dual coding and interleaving.

What are examples of a learning strategy? ›

Types of Learning Strategies in The Classroom
  • Individual Learning. When students are each working at their desks, this is individual learning. ...
  • Centers. Centers are popular in elementary classrooms. ...
  • Group Work. ...
  • Concept Mapping and Charts. ...
  • Summarizing. ...
  • Acronyms. ...
  • Role-Playing. ...
  • Discussion.

What are the 4 types of study methods? ›

There are 4 predominant learning styles: Visual, Auditory, Read/Write, and Kinaesthetic.

What are the 4 study strategies? ›

These include: preparing the study environment; organising your study schedule; tips for while you are engaged in study; and methods of boosting your reading efficiency.

What is the most effective study habit? ›

Good study habits include finding a quiet location to study, taking breaks, settings goals, and taking practice tests.

Which questions should you answer first? ›

Answer the easy questions first, then the harder ones. Don't get nervous if some questions look unfamiliar. Skip them and return to them later.

What is the 80 20 rule for revision? ›

80% of a student's success hinges on the last 20% of exam preparation time. Hence, in the last few weeks before the exam, students must focus on revising Core topics rather than starting a new topic (which they haven't covered before).

What are the three R's of revision? ›

(And, students, when looking at your feedback, think about those four other Rs – review, reflect, respond, remember).

What is the 1247 technique of revision? ›

What is 1247 Technique? Its a memory technique wherein you should revise whatever you have studied thrice after the 1st study. So effectively, you will study 4 times in 1-2-4-7 order.

What is the 50 50 method for studying? ›

A better way to learn, process, retain and remember information is to learn half the time and share half the time. Learn for 50% of the time and explain what you learn for 50% of the time.

What is 45 15 study method? ›

We are all in this together. This, my friends and panicked peers, is the 45/15 rule. When you are studying, it can be easy to burn out, so get up and get active for your 15 minute break. For every 45 minutes you are studying, try one of these for 15.

What is the 10 24 7 study method? ›

10–24–7 MODEL

This model reinforces the need to sustain the connection to notes over time. In the 10–24–7 model, students review notes for 10 minutes immediately after taking them. Then, 24 hours later, they revisit these notes for another 10 minutes, writing higher-level questions about what they had written down.

Can you get a 100 on a test without studying? ›

Studying can be helpful but for most students, it shouldn't be a requirement. You don't need to study to ace a test. That probably sounds a little crazy but once you learn a few things, it's going to make sense. You might still think it's a little over the top but I promise you're going to see how it's possible.

Can you fail even if you study? ›

You studied hard, knew the material… but you still failed the test. What's going on? It might sound strange, but studying hard doesn't automatically mean you're going to ace your test—it's just one part of preparing for an exam.

Is it good to study the night before a test? ›

Get a good night's sleep

Don't burn the midnight oil the night before a test. The extra effort put into late-night studying will be offset by reduced mental performance due to lost sleep. It won't help, so don't try it. Call it a night and go to bed; your morning will be better for it.

What time of day is your brain sharpest? ›

That said, science has indicated that learning is most effective between 10 am to 2 pm and from 4 pm to 10 pm, when the brain is in an acquisition mode. On the other hand, the least effective learning time is between 4 am and 7 am.

Which time is not best for study? ›

Best time to study according to science

The worst time to study is between 4:00 am to 7:00 am, so if you're studying while juggling other responsibilities, it might be better to pull a late night rather than an early morning. It's important to note that young adults may be a bit of an exception to this rule.

Is it better to sleep late or wake up early to study? ›

So, is it better to stay up late or wake up early to study? Both are okay as long as you don't reduce the amount of sleep you get. Not everyone is productive in the morning, and not everyone is effective at night. Do what works best for you, but try to get 7 to 9 hours of sleep.

How much should you study right before a test? ›

Try to spend no more than an hour or two reviewing for your test. You don't want to spend all day studying as it'll wear you out the day of your test. Plus, you're unlikely to remember every piece of information you cram in such a short amount of time!

Should you study the day before an exam? ›

If you've been studying all along in bits and pieces during the course, you will feel better prepared for the test. However, it's always a good idea to review study notes the day before an exam to refresh your memory.

Can you over study for a test? ›

Studying too hard and too much can easily lead to burnout and leave your mind frazzled on the test date. You'll want to take breaks away from studying and focus on the rest of your life, fun, and school work. When you create your study calendar, make sure to account for breaks as well as entire days off.

How many hours can a human brain study? ›

BRAIN FOCUS & CONCENTRATION FACTS & STATISTICS

The human brain is able to focus up to two hours, after which it needs a 20-30 minute break. The average American spends about 9 hours a day at work. According to the NeuroLeadership Institute, work focus equals about 6 hours a week.

Can you study for an exam in two days? ›

By increasing the number of days you have to study, you decrease the actual studying time you have to put in per session, which is perfect if you have trouble staying focused when you're studying for an exam. It's entirely possible to study for an exam in just a handful of days. All you need is a solid plan.

What to do when you can t study? ›

Methods to improve your focus
  1. Keep calm. If you're distracted and can't concentrate, take a slow deep breath to help you calm down. ...
  2. Isolate the problem. ...
  3. Manage the cause. ...
  4. Create a study schedule. ...
  5. Get a head start. ...
  6. Create accountability. ...
  7. Quick tips for effective study. ...
  8. How can I force my mind to study?
Nov 24, 2022

What are 3 testing strategies? ›

The test strategy describes the test level to be performed. There are primarily three levels of testing: unit testing, integration testing, and system testing.

What are the 3 A's of testing? ›

A unit test typically features three different phases: Arrange, Act, and Assert (sometimes referred to as AAA). For a unit test to be successful, the resulting behavior in all three phases must be in line with expectations.

What are the four 4 basic testing methods? ›

There are generally four recognized levels of testing: unit/component testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

How can I study fast and remember well for exams? ›

Simple memory tips and tricks
  1. Try to understand the information first. Information that is organized and makes sense to you is easier to memorize. ...
  2. Link it. ...
  3. Sleep on it. ...
  4. Self-test. ...
  5. Use distributed practice. ...
  6. Write it out. ...
  7. Create meaningful groups. ...
  8. Use mnemonics.

How do you typically study for an exam? ›

How to Study for Exams
  1. Ask the right questions. You don't want to walk in on test day unprepared for what you're about to face. ...
  2. Sort out your schedule. ...
  3. Grab your gear. ...
  4. Study smarter. ...
  5. Mix it up. ...
  6. What keeps you motivated? ...
  7. Sleep still matters. ...
  8. Bring what you're supposed to bring.

What is the least effective way to study for a test? ›

Ineffective techniques include:
  1. Studying for long periods of time.
  2. Studying a single subject for a long period of time and repeating phrases over and over to memorize them (known as massed practice)
  3. Reviewing one topic repeatedly before moving onto another topic (blocked practice)
  4. Reading and rereading a text.
Apr 4, 2019

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